Task 02 Network Connection
Next we are going to take a brief look at the different ways that the Network Hosts can connect to a LOCAL AREA NETWORK or to a WIDE AREA NETWORK. We have to be aware that the Hosts could be just a few feet apart, or they could be on the opposite sides of the world. The five different connections are Ethernet connection, ntegrated Service Digital Service or ISDN, Digital Subscriber Line or DSL, Dial-up Modem and wireless connection The first and what was the most popular methods of connecting to a Network was using an ETHERNET CONNECTION. Here we have the old PCI Ethernet card, PCI express Ethernet card and a USB Ethernet adapter. All have one thing in common and that is the RJ45 Socket, that allows it to be connected to a Network, The PCI and PCI Express fits into a spare slot on the motherboard Once the Drivers have been installed the computer is ready to be connected to a Network via a standard CAT-5E cable, and we shall be dealing with different types of cabling later on in the course work. Most MOTHERBOARDS, like the one shown here have built in ETHERNET INTERFACE As do most laptops, but in the absence of one a USB Ethernet adapter can be used. The next connection we shall take a look at is probably something you will rarely find in a modern office environment, but before the introduction of high speed Internet technologies the INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK, or ISDN was a popular way of achieving a reasonable fast connection to a remote Network. The ISDN INTERFACE or TERMINAL ADAPTER (TA), would be installed in the Host, similar to the ETHERNET INTERFACE or externally and this was connected to an ISDN Network which is a specialist telephone line that is normally provided by the TELECOMS PROVIDER. An alternative to this is the existing telephone line is MULTIPLEXED, or the signal is split into two channels. One would be dedicated to a telephone conversation and the other to a BROADBAND signal and both could be used at the same time. It is also possible that some of these connection technologies are combined. For example it is possible to have an ETHERNET INTERFACE connected to an external ISDN INTERFACE which in turn is connected to the ISDN LINE The next connection is called DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE or DSL Digital subscriber line is a family of technologies that are used to transmit data over the telephone lines. Digital meaning the data is processed digitally, subscriber meaning that in most cases the user must subscribe to the service, and line normally mean the telephone line. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line or ADSL, the most commonly installed DSL technology for internet access, once again using the MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE. ADSL is similar to ISDN as they both use BROADBAND technology to achieve greater speeds. However ADSL can achieve much higher speeds than the 128Kbps provided by ISDN to over 10 Mdps using lastest DSL standards The bit rate of ADSL is greater towards the customer premises, known as downstream, than the reverse known as upstream, this is why it is called asymmetric because the downstream does not match the upstream. Once again the interfaces can come in different forms, internally or externally. Also to reduce the cross over noise from the telephone signal and the broadband signal during the MULTIPLEXING process, a suppressor can be used. Before BROADBAND technologies became affordable enough to use within the home the DIAL-UP CONNECTIONS was the standard method of remote connectivity and Internet access. MODEMS where installed internally or externally to the Host. This is then connected to the PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE, also known as POTS. The MODEM takes the digital data produced by the host, which is just a series of zero’s and one’s, and converts them into an analogue signal that can be transmitted over the POTS. This process is called MODULATION. The ANALOGUE signal is essentially a sound signal, anyone who has ever used a DIAL-UP CONNECTION will no doubt remember the loud screeching sound made when the connection was established, and this was the data from the computer in ANALOGUE form. The receiving system then takes the ANALOGUE signal and changes it back into DIGITAL data that the receiving Host can understand. This process is known as DE-MODULATION. The word MODEM is a contraction of the two words MODULATION and DEMODULATION. This type of connection used to be very, very popular but most phone lines will only support a transfer rate of around 56 KBPS, so the chances of coming across this type of connections is very rare. Finally there is the WIRELESS CONNECTION
Next we are going to take a brief look at the different ways that the Network Hosts can connect to a LOCAL AREA NETWORK or to a WIDE AREA NETWORK. We have to be aware that the Hosts could be just a few feet apart, or they could be on the opposite sides of the world. The five different connections are Ethernet connection, ntegrated Service Digital Service or ISDN, Digital Subscriber Line or DSL, Dial-up Modem and wireless connection The first and what was the most popular methods of connecting to a Network was using an ETHERNET CONNECTION. Here we have the old PCI Ethernet card, PCI express Ethernet card and a USB Ethernet adapter. All have one thing in common and that is the RJ45 Socket, that allows it to be connected to a Network, The PCI and PCI Express fits into a spare slot on the motherboard Once the Drivers have been installed the computer is ready to be connected to a Network via a standard CAT-5E cable, and we shall be dealing with different types of cabling later on in the course work. Most MOTHERBOARDS, like the one shown here have built in ETHERNET INTERFACE As do most laptops, but in the absence of one a USB Ethernet adapter can be used. The next connection we shall take a look at is probably something you will rarely find in a modern office environment, but before the introduction of high speed Internet technologies the INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK, or ISDN was a popular way of achieving a reasonable fast connection to a remote Network. The ISDN INTERFACE or TERMINAL ADAPTER (TA), would be installed in the Host, similar to the ETHERNET INTERFACE or externally and this was connected to an ISDN Network which is a specialist telephone line that is normally provided by the TELECOMS PROVIDER. An alternative to this is the existing telephone line is MULTIPLEXED, or the signal is split into two channels. One would be dedicated to a telephone conversation and the other to a BROADBAND signal and both could be used at the same time. It is also possible that some of these connection technologies are combined. For example it is possible to have an ETHERNET INTERFACE connected to an external ISDN INTERFACE which in turn is connected to the ISDN LINE The next connection is called DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE or DSL Digital subscriber line is a family of technologies that are used to transmit data over the telephone lines. Digital meaning the data is processed digitally, subscriber meaning that in most cases the user must subscribe to the service, and line normally mean the telephone line. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line or ADSL, the most commonly installed DSL technology for internet access, once again using the MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE. ADSL is similar to ISDN as they both use BROADBAND technology to achieve greater speeds. However ADSL can achieve much higher speeds than the 128Kbps provided by ISDN to over 10 Mdps using lastest DSL standards The bit rate of ADSL is greater towards the customer premises, known as downstream, than the reverse known as upstream, this is why it is called asymmetric because the downstream does not match the upstream. Once again the interfaces can come in different forms, internally or externally. Also to reduce the cross over noise from the telephone signal and the broadband signal during the MULTIPLEXING process, a suppressor can be used. Before BROADBAND technologies became affordable enough to use within the home the DIAL-UP CONNECTIONS was the standard method of remote connectivity and Internet access. MODEMS where installed internally or externally to the Host. This is then connected to the PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE, also known as POTS. The MODEM takes the digital data produced by the host, which is just a series of zero’s and one’s, and converts them into an analogue signal that can be transmitted over the POTS. This process is called MODULATION. The ANALOGUE signal is essentially a sound signal, anyone who has ever used a DIAL-UP CONNECTION will no doubt remember the loud screeching sound made when the connection was established, and this was the data from the computer in ANALOGUE form. The receiving system then takes the ANALOGUE signal and changes it back into DIGITAL data that the receiving Host can understand. This process is known as DE-MODULATION. The word MODEM is a contraction of the two words MODULATION and DEMODULATION. This type of connection used to be very, very popular but most phone lines will only support a transfer rate of around 56 KBPS, so the chances of coming across this type of connections is very rare. Finally there is the WIRELESS CONNECTION